LESSON PLAN
School : SMA N 1 Terusan Nunyai
Subject : English
Grade / Semester : X11/1
Type of text : Narrative, explanatory and discussion
Skill : Speaking
Time : (2x45 minutes)
A. Standard Competence
Ø To comprehend the meaning of short functional texts and simple essay in forms of narrative, explanation and discussion in daily life context to access knowledge.
B. Basic Competence
Ø To respond rhetorical meaning in essay which uses various written language accurately, fluently and it is applied in daily life contexts to access knowledge.
C. Indicator
Ø To identify the meaning of sentences
Ø To identify complication in a narrative story
Ø To identify the events in texts
Ø To identify the pro and contra arguments in texts
D. Objective
In the end of learning and teaching process, students are expected to be able to:
Ø Identify the generic structures of narrative, explanation and discussion texts
Ø To speak in English fluently and accurately
Ø Comprehend and understand what narrative, explanation and discussion texts
Tell about
E. The materials of study
A. narrative text
In the town of Verona there lived two families, the Capulets and the Montagues. They engaged in a bitter feud. Among the Montagues was Romeo, a hot-blooded young man with an eye for the ladies. One day, Romeo attended the feast of the Capulets', a costume party where he expected to meet his love, Rosaline, a haughty beauty from a well-to-do family. Once there, however, Romeo's eyes felt upon Juliet, and he thought of Rosaline no more.
B. Descriptive text
Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world. The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
C. Explanatory text
How Chocolate is made
Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly we are eating. (See the appendix)
F. Teaching method
CTL (Communicative teaching language)
Teaching techniques: pre, whilst, and post writing
G. The step of teaching
Ø Pre-activity
· Greeting and praying
· Checking the students’ attendance list
Ø While activity
· Ask students what they know about narrative, discussion and explanatory texts
· Give students information about the generic features of narrative, descriptive and explanatory texts
· Show students the example of the three types of the texts
· Ask students to discuss in groups all those texts
· Ask student to speak what the texts tell about and discuss the pro and contra argument from the texts in groups
· Ask students to conclude what they have discussed by speaking
Ø Post activity
· Ask students difficulties during the lesson
· Summarize what lessons have been learnt by students
· Suggest students to improve their pronunciation by speaking in English everyday
H. Source
· “Progress” A contextual approach to learning English An English text book for senior high school for grade XII written by Zumashin . Yulia Mufarchah
I. Media
· Whiteboard
J. Evaluation
1) Scoring system
| Indicator | Evaluation |
| Tehnique | Form | Instrument |
| Asking & asnwer the information orally about descriptive, narrative and explanatory texts | oral | Question and answer | Answers the questions based information about the generic features of narrative, descriptive and explanatory texts.
|
| 2 Performing and explaining orally the complication in the narrative text which have read and the pro and contra arguments in the texts which are read. | oral | Performance | Kinds of texts such as narrative, explanation, descriptive |
Scoring
1. Fluency 35%
2. Pronunciation 35%
3. Vocabularies 30%
4. Maximum score 100%
5.Total score 35+35+30=100
Appendix
Explanation text
How Chocolate is Made
Have we wondered how we get chocolate from? Well this time we will enter the amazing world of chocolate so we can understand exactly we are eating.
Chocolate starts a tree called cacao tree. This tree grows in equatorial regions, especially in place such as South America, Africa, and Indonesia. The cacao tree produces a fruit about the size of a small pine apple. In side the fruits are the tree's seeds. They are also known as coco beans.
Next, the beans are fermented for about a week, dried in the sun. After that they are shipped to the chocolate maker. The chocolate maker starts by roasting the beans to bring out the flavour. Different beans from different places have different qualities and flavour. So they are often shorted and blended to produce a distinctive mix.
The next process is winnowing. The roasted beans are winnowed to remove the meat nib of the cacao bean from its shell. Then the nibs are blended. The blended nibs are ground to make it a liquid. The liquid is called chocolate liquor. It tastes bitter
The generic structure of the texts
Explanation text
Purpose of the text type
The purpose of an explanation is to explain the processes involved in natural and social
phenomena, or to tell you how and why something works.
Generic Structure
1. A generalized statement of the phenomenon to be explained.
2. The details of how and why set out in a series of logical steps, in paragraphs, until the explanation is completed.
Features of the Text
Written in simple present tense.
Uses collectives that signal time e.g. then, next, several weeks later.
Uses causal connectives e.g. because, so, this causes.
Discussion text
The example of discussion text
The Advantage and Disadvantage of Nuclear Power
Nuclear power is generated by using uranium which is a metal mined in various part of the world. The first large scale of nuclear power station was opened at Calder Hall in Cumbria, England in 1956.
Some military ships and submarines have nuclear power plant for engine. Nuclear power produces around 11% of the world's energy needed, and produces huge amounts of energy. It cause no pollution as we would get when burning fossil fuels. The advantages of nuclear plant are as follow:
- It costs about the same coal, so it is not expansive to make.
- It does not produce smoke or carbon dioxide, so it does not contribute to the greenhouse effect.
- It produces huge amounts of energy from small amount of uranium.
- It produces small amount of waste.
- It is reliable.
On the other hand, nuclear power is very, very dangerous. It must be sealed up and buried for many years to allow the radioactivity to die away. Furthermore, although it is reliable, a lot of money has to be spent on safety because if it does go wrong, a nuclear accident ca be a major accident.
People are increasingly concerned about this matter. In the 1990's nuclear power was the fastest growing source of power in many parts of the world.
Note on the Generic Structure of Discussion Text
Discussion is a process to find the meet point between two different ideas. It is important to to get the understanding between the two differences. In many social activities, discussion is the effective way to calm down any friction and difference in thought, perception and recommendation.
This example of discussion text present the two poles, between the advantage and disadvantage of using nuclear plant to fulfill the energy needed. It is a case which need to be talked and discussed from two points. They are represented in the generic structure which is used:
Stating the Issue: In the first paragraph, it is stated that using nuclear power can be the choice in fulfilling the needed energy.
Supporting Point: In the second paragraph, it is presented the advantages of nuclear power plant to be used as the source of the world's energy needed
Contrastive Point: The third paragraph shows the balance. It gives the contradictory idea in using nuclear power plant as the resource of energy.
Recommendation: This text is ended with a similar recommendation on how people should concern in the matter of nuclear energy.
Narrative text
The Myth of Malin Kundang
A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra, a woman and her son lived. They were Malin Kundang and her mother. Her mother was a single parent because Malin Kundang's father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang
had to live hard with his mother.
Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sold the caught fish in the town.
One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant's ship which was being raided by a small band of pirates. He helped the merchant. With his brave and power, Malin Kundang defeated the pirates. The merchant was so happy and thanked to him. In return the merchant asked Malin Kundang to sail with him. To get a better life, Malin Kundang agreed. He left his mother alone.
Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and was helped by many ship crews loading trading goods. Perfectly he had a beautiful wife too. When he was sailing his trading journey, his ship landed on a beach near a small village. The villagers recognized him. The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”.
An old woman ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She was Malin Kundang’s mother. She wanted to hug him, released her sadness of being lonely after so long time. Unfortunately, when the mother came, Malin Kundang who was in front of his well dressed wife and his ship crews denied meeting that old lonely woman. For three times her mother begged Malin Kundang and for three times he yelled at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her "Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!" After that he ordered his crews to set sail. He would leave the old mother again but in that time she was full of both sadness and angriness.
Finally, enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn't apologize. Malin Kundang just laughed and really set sail.\
In the quiet sea, suddenly a thunderstorm came. His huge ship was wrecked and it was too late for Malin Kundang to apologize. He was thrown by the wave out of his ship. He fell on a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse. Suddenly, he turned into a stone. Narrative text
Generic structure
Ø Orientation : sets the scene and introduces the participants ( what, where, and who)
Ø Complication : a crisis or problem arises
Ø Resolution : the crisis is resolved for better or worse
Significant language feature:
Ø Focus on specific and individualized participants
Ø Use of material process (and behavioral and verbal process)
Ø Use of temporal conjunction and circumstances
Ø Use of past time with the possibility of using present tense and future tense for various parts of the story.
